External payment platform a subscription or payment is linked to. STRIPE serves North America; PING_PP (Ping++, a mainland-China payment aggregator fronting Alipay + WeChat Pay) serves China. Rows with no external billing linkage (free / admin-issued / synthetic fall-back subscriptions) carry NULL instead of a value.
-
STRIPE(value:'STRIPE') -
PING_PP(value:'PING_PP')