🏠 Home Automation Control Module (PCB Based)

📌 Project Overview

This project is a PCB-based Home Automation Control Module designed to control multiple AC appliances safely using relay isolation. The system uses optocouplers for electrical isolation, transistor drivers for relay switching, and an onboard AC-to-DC power module to power the control circuit.

The module can be controlled using:

• Microcontroller (ESP8266, Arduino, etc.)
• External digital logic
• Smartphone-based IoT system
• Manual control system

This design ensures safety, reliability, and industrial-level performance.

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✨ Features

• Control up to 8 AC appliances

• Complete electrical isolation using PC817 optocouplers

• Onboard AC-DC converter (HLK-10M05) – no external power supply required

• Relay driver circuit using BC547 transistors

• Flyback diode protection for relays

• Status LEDs for each channel

• RC snubber for noise protection

• Compact and optimized PCB layout

• Suitable for:

  • Home automation
  • Industrial automation
  • IoT systems
  • Smart switchboards

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🔧 Hardware Components

Component	Quantity
HLK-10M05 AC-DC Module	1
Relay (5V)	8
PC817 Optocoupler	8
BC547 Transistor	8
1N4007 Diode	8+
LEDs	8
Resistors (330Ω, 1kΩ, 220kΩ, etc.)	Multiple
Capacitors (Electrolytic and Ceramic)	Multiple
Screw Terminals	Multiple
Buzzer	1
MOV (optional safety)	1

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⚡ Power Supply

Input:

• 230V AC mains

Output:

• 5V DC (from HLK-10M05)

Used to power:

• Optocouplers
• Relay coils
• Logic circuit

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🔌 Pin Configuration

Input Control Header

Pin	Function
IN1	Relay 1 control
IN2	Relay 2 control
IN3	Relay 3 control
IN4	Relay 4 control
IN5	Relay 5 control
IN6	Relay 6 control
IN7	Relay 7 control
IN8	Relay 8 control
VCC	5V
GND	Ground

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🔄 Working Principle

1. Control signal applied to input pin
2. Optocoupler provides isolation
3. Transistor amplifies signal
4. Relay activates
5. Appliance turns ON/OFF

Isolation ensures protection from high voltage.

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📷 Schematic

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🧩| Full Layout | Upper Copper |

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🔷 PCB 3D View

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🛡️ Safety Features

• Optocoupler isolation
• Flyback diode protection
• RC snubber protection
• Proper PCB trace width for AC
• Separate AC and DC sections
• Fuse protection support

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🌐 Applications

• Smart Home Automation
• IoT Control Systems
• Industrial Automation
• Remote Appliance Control
• Smart Switchboard

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🧠 Compatible Controllers

• ESP8266
• ESP32
• Arduino Uno / Nano
• Raspberry Pi
• Any microcontroller with GPIO output

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📁 Project Structure

Home-Automation-PCB/
│
├── KiCAD/
│   └── home_automation.kicad_pcb
│   └── home_automation.kicad_sch
│   └── home_automation.kicad_prl
│   └── home_automation.kicad_pro
│   └── home_automation.dsn
│ 
├── images/
│   ├── schematic.png
│   └── pcb_layout.png
|   └── 3D_View.png
|   └── Upper_Copper.png
│
├── gerber/
│   └── production files
|
├── gerber/Drill
│   └── production files
│
└── README.md

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🚀 How to Use

1. Connect AC mains input
2. Connect appliances to relay terminals
3. Connect microcontroller to input header
4. Apply control signal
5. Appliance will turn ON/OFF

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⚠️ Warning

This project uses HIGH VOLTAGE AC.

• Do not touch while powered
• Use proper insulation
• Use fuse and enclosure
• Only trained persons should handle

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📌 Author

Project by: Prajyot Daphal Designed using: KiCad Type: Home Automation PCB Module

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