perf(table): compute partition residuals for local scan tasks

[fallintoplace]

What

• Compute partition residuals during local planning.
• Cache one evaluator per partition spec and reuse it for every data file in that spec.
• Use strict and inclusive projections to return AlwaysTrue, AlwaysFalse, or the remaining row filter for each task.
• Cover identity, time, truncate, bucket, null, set, boolean, and transformed filter predicates. Unsupported transforms stay conservative.
• Read only the fields needed by each task residual, so a fully satisfied partition filter does not add filter-only columns to the file read.

Example

For ts >= ... AND ts < ... on day(ts) partitions:

• Interior partitions get AlwaysTrue.
• Boundary partitions keep only the needed timestamp predicate.
• Partitions outside the range get AlwaysFalse.

Benchmark

4,096 files on an Apple M1 Pro:

• Identity residual evaluation: about 0.67 ms/op, 360 KB/op, 16,384 allocs/op
• Day-range residual evaluation: about 0.98 ms/op, 449 KB/op, 25,396 allocs/op

Checks

• go test ./table/... -count=1
• go test -race ./table -count=1
• go test ./... -run=^$ -count=1
• go vet ./...
• go run github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.12.2 run --timeout=10m

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