fix(evidence): preserve routed quote provenance

[SEVEN-us]

Summary

• Add an explicit provenance-aware quote result path while keeping legacy raw fetchers payload-only.
• Carry the actual provider, canonical instrument, fetch and market timestamps, delayed status, and failover trail through capability tools into persisted financial evidence.
• Add a deterministic acceptance test covering ProviderRouter fallback, agent tool execution, session persistence, and repository reload.

Scope

This is the non-UI quote increment for #101. It does not duplicate #106 answer-trace contract or #30 Source Inspector UI work. The issue remains referenced rather than auto-closed because those complementary slices are outside this PR.

Tests

• bun test --isolate packages/core packages/shared — 956 passed, 0 failed.
• Focused provenance/provider/evidence suite — 38 passed, 0 failed.
• bun run typecheck — core, shared, i18n, ui, and electron passed.
• No real provider credentials were used; the acceptance test injects deterministic primary failure and fallback data.

No visible UI changes; screenshot not applicable.