fix(docker-ecr): keep prerelease suffix in the published image tag

[null-paorodrigues]

What

The published tag was derived with an unanchored extraction:

VERSION=$(echo "${TAG}" | grep -oE 'v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' || echo "${TAG}")

The intent is prefix stripping (logs-controller-v2.0.0 -> v2.0.0), but as an
unanchored grep -oE it also matches the substring v1.2.3 inside v1.2.3-beta and
drops the prerelease suffix, so the image is pushed as :v1.2.3.

Two consequences:

1. A prerelease publishes under the release tag. v1.2.3-beta lands on :v1.2.3,
   and whichever of the two builds runs last wins. Any digest recorded downstream then
   points at prerelease content under a release version.
2. Anything resolving the pushed image by tag breaks. An overlay image doing
   FROM <base>:${BASE_VERSION}, with BASE_VERSION taken from github.ref_name, gets
   manifest unknown — the base landed under a tag the caller never sees.

The || echo "${TAG}" fallback is why this stayed latent: tags with no vX.Y.Z
substring (beta, latest, 1.2.3) never matched and passed through untouched. Only a
v-prefixed prerelease triggers it.

Change

Anchored match separating an optional prefix from the full SemVer, so prerelease and
build metadata survive:

if [[ "${TAG}" =~ ^(.*-)?(v?[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+([-+][0-9A-Za-z.-]+)?)$ ]]; then
  VERSION="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
else
  VERSION="${TAG}"
fi

Plus a new image_tag output exposing the resolved tag, so a caller that needs to
reference the pushed image can read it instead of re-deriving it from github.ref_name.
That re-derivation is exactly the assumption that breaks in consequence 2 above — a
reusable workflow that normalises an input should hand the result back rather than leave
callers coupled to an internal detail.

Verified

Ran the old and the new logic side by side over the tag shapes this workflow receives
today:

tag input	expected	before	after
v1.2.3-beta	v1.2.3-beta	❌ v1.2.3	✅
v1.2.3-beta.1	v1.2.3-beta.1	❌ v1.2.3	✅
v1.2.3+build.5	v1.2.3+build.5	❌ v1.2.3	✅
v1.2.3	v1.2.3	✅	✅
1.2.3	1.2.3	✅	✅
beta	beta	✅	✅
latest	latest	✅	✅
logs-controller-v2.0.0	v2.0.0	✅	✅
some-image-1.8.0	1.8.0	❌ passed through whole	✅

No behaviour change for any tag shape in use other than the prerelease cases. The last
row is a bonus fix: an unprefixed monorepo-style tag used to pass through whole, because
it has no v for the old pattern to match.

actionlint reports no findings on the file.

Not included

No regression test — there is no harness in this repo for the shell embedded in run:
blocks. The comparison above was run by hand.